Situated in one of the most remote parts of the country, the area in which Baileşti appeared in the history arena has been inhabited since ancient times, the main occupation of the first inhabitants being agriculture since the age of stone. The first archaeological discoveries that prove the dwelling of the city's gate date back to the period 680-1025.
As the name of the village, Baileşti, comes from the name "Băile", a leading nation of sheepdogs. Băilea and his villagers made a winter stand for years in this area and so Baileşti village appeared.
The first documentary record of January 4, 1536, during the reign of Radu Paisie, reminds that Baileşti was still in the days of Prince Mircea the Elder (1386-1418).
Being a village well known through weekly fairs or annual fairs, by the large number of inhabitants for that period, Baileşti is found in cartographic documents of the time, such as the map made in 1718 by Anton Maria Chiaro after the Map of Wallachia made by Constantin Cantacuzino in 1700, or the first geographical map of Oltenia compiled in 1722 by Austrian captain Friedrich Schwantz.
At 14 September 2628, in Baileşti, an important battle between the Turks (26,000 soldiers and 30 cannons) occupying the village took place, and the Russian troops, led by General Friedrich Caspar von Geismar (4,500 soldiers and 14 cannons) , along with a 1,200-pound detachment, after the battle, the Turks were banished. The battles were also attended by Constantin Ghika, the ruler's brother, the Walachia Mici casimacam, along with a detachment of horsemen. For his deeds of bravery during the entire Russo-Turkish war, the captain of pangs Gheorghe Magheru was decorated by the Tsar of Russia with the order of St. Ana in the rank of knight. At first the village hearth was in the "Ţurţani" point in the "Valea lui Trăila". Since the end of 1828 the hearth has been moved to the present place, where the owner of the estate, prince Gheorghe Ştirbei, personally traced the parallel streets with wide perpendicular intersections to "turn the long-haul from one", saying that once, over the years, Baileşti will become a beautiful city.
In the new village, on the current hearth, there was created "Slobozia Baileşti" where the newcomers to sit here received 800 square stones instead of home and exemption from certain obligations for three years. In this framework came a large number of inhabitants from the neighboring villages, which still bear the name of the village from where they came (Urziceanu, Moţăţăianu, Bistriceanu, Săceanu, Corlăţeanu, Cioroianu, Negoianu, Coveianu, Săpăceanu, Măceşeanu, Galiceanu, Poienaru, Tunaru , Ghidiceanu, Vârtoppeanu, etc.) as well as a significant number of Transylvanians ([Ungureanu, Ardeleanu, Munteanu, Padureanu, etc.), but also mostly Romanians from the Danube (Gabroveanu), returning Romanians who had passed The Danube to the Turks because of the hard life of their home, as well as the uninhabited Bulgarians who came with their relatives to their Romanian friends. The Bulgarians, who were not single, but few of them who settled in Bailesti, mostly retired to Bulgaria when the exemptions and "liberties" were abolished by the "Organic Regulation", so that in Baileşti there were also there are too few Bulgarian influences and traces, which belonged to bulgarians who worked seasonally here. If in 1829 Băileşti had 99 families, in 1831 it had 507 families, among them 286 foreigners and mostly Romanians and very few Bulgarians and in 1838 had 590 families of which there were only 169 families of foreigners, who left behind abolition of privileges.
Following the Romanian-Russian-Turkish war of 1877, which led to the conquest of Romania's state independence, Baileşti, through its position, played a particularly important strategic role and the miners contributed fully to the maintenance of the military units stationed here in reserve or in motion. Also, many villagers, including Ion Vătăfu, Potopineanu Stan, Stancurel Stan and Mitrică Stancu, distinguished themselves on the battlefield, part of them falling into battle.
The year of 1907, which is the culmination of the Romanian peasants' struggle for social rights, meant a terrible test for the Baileys. Here the rebels have been fighting for 5 days of repression, and the suppression of the revolt was tough: 42 dead, over 100 wounded, over 300 arrested, and Bailesti village was bombed by the army cannons.
As an official recognition of the state of economic and social development, following a royal decree, on May 3rd, 1921, the village of Baileşti (at that time was the largest rural commune in the country) in the urban commune met with a very rapid transformation. The foresight of the owner of the Bailesti estate in 1831, that this village would become a town, was fulfilled.

During the First World War, 156 soldiers, soldiers, soldiers and officers whose memory is honored and eternalized by the Băileşteni Heroes, made by the sculptor Iordănescu and inaugurated on October 24, 1924, were sacrificed on the battlefield for the reunification of the nation.
Like all Romanians, in the Second World War, the baths were present on the battlefield for the liberation of the homeland and the final victory over fascism, where 108 of the city's most beloved sons remained.
On July 4, 2001 Băileştiul is declared a municipality.